Rosenberg is a city in the U.S. state of Texas, within the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area and Fort Bend County. Rosenberg was named for Henry Von Rosenberg, who emigrated to Texas from Switzerland in 1843. Von Rosenberg was an important figure in the settlement of Fort Bend County and the Gulf Coast region. The population was 38,282 at the 2020 census, up from 30,618 at the 2010 census. The community holds the Fort Bend County fair in October. Rosenberg is adjacent to the city of Richmond, the Fort Bend County seat. Rosenberg is named after Henry Rosenberg, who migrated from Switzerland to Galveston, Texas, in 1843. Rosenberg was the first president of the Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railway.

Rosenberg is located in central Fort Bend County at 29°33'9"N 95°48'18"W, on the south side of the Brazos River. It is bordered to the northeast by Richmond, to the south by Pleak, and to the southwest by Beasley. The Southwest Freeway (I-69 and US-59) runs through the south side of Rosenberg, bypassing the city center. The freeway leads northeast 32 miles to downtown Houston, and US-59 continues southwest 92 miles to Victoria and beyond.